This volume presents the findings of a years-long research project that examines the post-1945 development of Hungarian educational science, considering related international processes. The book employs a complex theoretical framework, incorporating Eric Voegelin’s concept of political religion, Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of the scientific field, and Rudolf Stichweh’s criteria for scientific disciplines as organizing principles. From a methodological point of view, the volume utilizes a diverse range of approaches, including historical source analysis, prosopography, content analysis, and text mining, which is considered innovative in this field. Through this interdisciplinary approach, the book offers novel insights into the development of Hungarian educational science during the socialist era and after the political transition.