The title of this book has 2 main focal points: Global Health and Challenges. Global Health is a relatively new term in Public Health. It requires the healthiness of individuals of whole the world. The paradox in this perspective is, that the pandemic „Covid-19“ is showing us just this item, not only a risk for health of certain regions or for certain risk groups, but for everyone of us – no matter where a person is – on whole the world. A pandemic is global and healthiness therefore, too. The result of this are challenges which only can be solved in a positive sense and globally. In this collected edition the approach for the topic Global Health Challenges is from various perspectives, and one thing is obvious: the focus of the topics with such a title is of wide diversity. All articles in this book, if it is cancer prevention, hand hygiene or the Medical Care Centre, they all share the reference to the topic Global Health Challenges. Global health challenges requires more than just new technology, or more medical care, or better trained health workers. It requires new knowledge and social innovations for how we govern our global society, how we finance health interventions, and how we deliver on the promise of what we already know. Each type of problem calls for a different strategy of prevention and treatment. There is no single intervention that can establish trusted health leadership to advance health. The good news is that global population health is improving. It is our hope, however, that we can strive to create health with realistic expectations for the future. We can all be healthy; it begins at home, at work, at school, in government, and in our environment. But most important, health begins with ourselves. This is the perspective from global view down to the life of concrete persons. Every human being moves between the two points ill and healthy during its live. Another perspective in global health ist the one of the organisation of health in the countries. Here we see many differences between the countries, not only in Europe, rather in whole the world. Naturally developement like in industry countries is hardly comparable to the countries of the third world. In a world which is globalizing and developing so quick in information settings with internet and other comparable technologies we can see that the architecture of institutions in Public Health makes a major point to keep populations more healthy than it was possible, for example ten years ago.