This paper offers a worldwide survey of the morphology of fruits and seeds of Annonaceae. Of all genera except two a description is given. All descriptions but one are illustrated by line drawings. Preceeding the descriptions, a synoptical key based on fruit- and seed characters is included. In the discussion, the variation of the characters and their distribution among the genera is reviewed. The resulting phenetic grouping of the genera is compared with the classification on gross morphological characters by FRIES (1959), and with phenetic surveys based on pollen morphology by WALKER (1971 a, b; 1972), and on flower morphology by VAN HEUSDEN (in press), respectively. There appear to be discrepancies between FRIES?s classification on one side, and the phenetic groupings (including ours) on the other side. In contrast, the three phenetic groupings support each other to a considerable extent.