Decoration of Hellenistic and Roman Buildings in Cyprus consists of 22 chapters and communications relevant to architectural décor, mosaics, wall painting and sculpture both in Cyprus and neighbouring, culturally related areas. It provides an overview of melting influences of Greek, Roman, Egyptian (including Alexandrian) and oriental origin. Research on aspects of decoration in Nea Paphos is the principal theme. Archaeological excavations of Australian, Cypriot, French, Italian and Polish teams as well as salvage works and haphazard finds on the site uncovered decorated objects demanding study. Comparisons are made to Kourion and Soli in Cyprus, Alexandria ad Aegyptum, Delos, Dura Europos and Ptolemais in Cyrenaica. Thesis of a structural koine uniting Cyprus and African coast, particularly Cyrenaica is advocated. Both areas were ruled by Ptolemies and Roman conquest did not obliterate Hellenistic common background. Most of the contributions are based on updated and modified presentations read during a conference held in Warsaw on 10–11 March 2017.