The book stems from an interdisciplinary and transdiscursive approach to describe Polish masculinities of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, along with the "new masculinity" that has become increasingly distinct in the early twenty-first century. A collection of texts, the book covers Polish literature from Romanticism to the present day to thoroughly rethink the Polish literary studies in the context of various masculinities shaped in Polish culture over the last two centuries. The individual texts study masculinity with a plethora of methods, ranging from psychoanalysis and deconstruction through feminist literary criticism to queer studies. The scrutinized works of fiction reveal invaluable culture data - often constituting the most important source of knowledge about reality - that no other field of art could map so precisely.