How was peace brought about at different time periods? What methods were employed in attempts to secure peace? The entries within this volume provide answers to these questions, focusing on the period from the 16th Century until after the Cold War. They highlight concerns that are of high relevance in the present day, such as those of the non-violent treatment of religious differences, to which early modern peace politics found noteworthy answers, or of the challenges regarding peace politics that arise from the people’s right to self-determination. Inspired by the North Rhine-Westphalian upper secondary school curriculum for the subject of history, this volume addresses teachers and researchers in the field of history and historical didactics, as well as a wider readership who is interested in historical peace research.