This is the first complete text-critical edition and translation of the ›Theophilus‹. The introduction provides information on Andreae’s relationship to Comenius, among other things. The dialogue reveals a comprehensive political, religious and educational reform program. It was written in 1622 with youthful and optimistic verve, was a harsh attack on church administration of piety and on the other hand defended Johann Arndts theology of an inner piety. For this reason permission to have the work printed was refused to begin with. Andreae’s manuscript was lost in the Calw fire. Comenius provided his copy for the first printing in 1649.