This volume analyzes how science fiction tropes are used by non-Anglophone European filmmakers to explore national and global issues. The essays participate in the increasingly productive scholarly discussion of how speculative aesthetics helps us understand our present and envision possible futures. They explore how science fiction films from these societies tackle a wide range of modern and contemporary topics, from the actual possibility of human-made planetary apocalypse to the tension of the Cold War, outer space exploration, new discourses on colonialism, gender and sexualities, formulation of new transhumanist and posthumanist identities, and more. The films analyzed in this volume come from more than a dozen European countries and were produced from the 1960s to the 2010s.